No, truncate cannot be used with a WHERE clause. Truncate simply deallocates all pages that belong to a table (or partition) and its indexes. It is an all or nothing operation, so you cannot do a DELETE FROM WHERE to get the same speed advantages of TRUNCATE. The truncate command deletes all rows from a table, and it is not possible to use a Where clause in this.
It is a data definition language (DDL) operation that marks extensions of a table for deallocation (empty for reuse). It is faster than the Delete query, but it is not possible to undo the TRUNCATE TABLE statement in all SQL databases. The SQL TRUNCATE TABLE statement is used to delete all records in a table. It performs the same function as a DELETE statement without a WHERE clause.
The truncate command does not record entries for each deleted row in the transaction log. TRUNCATE TABLE removes the data by de-allocating the data pages used to store the table data and records only page deallocations in the transaction log. At a high level, you might consider the truncate command to be similar to a Delete command without a Where clause. To truncate all tables in the database, you must first remove all foreign key constraints, truncate the tables, and then restore all constraints.
If there are no transactions that block the table schema, the TRUNCATE TABLE command will end almost instantly. The WITH (PARTITIONS (2, 4, 6 TO) syntax causes partition numbers 2, 4, 6, 7, and 8 to be truncated. For some reason, the TRUNCATE TABLE command takes a long time to execute (both master and slave). Although TRUNCATE TABLE is similar to DELETE, it is classified as a DDL statement rather than a DML statement.
Records deleted by the TRUNCATE TABLE query statement cannot be restored, so you should be very careful before running the TRUNCATE TABLE query. However, you can incorporate the TRUNCATE TABLE statement into a module, such as a stored procedure, and grant the appropriate permissions to the module using the EXECUTE AS clause. In conclusion, it is not possible to use a WHERE clause with TRUNCATE. It is an all or nothing operation that deallocates all pages that belong to a table (or partition) and its indexes. It is faster than DELETE but cannot be undone in all SQL databases.
